Today Best Nicaragua History Timeline 1984

Early Nicaragua History Timeline

Best Nicaragua History Timeline: The agricultural revolution came in what is now Nicaragua around 400 B.C. Then, in 1502, Christopher Columbus landed on the coast of Nicaragua. However, Europeans did not explore the interior until 1522, when Gil González de Ávila led an expedition to the region.

The first settlers to arrive in Nicaragua were the Chorotegas, who came from the north. These groups that inhabited Nicaragua in its beginnings were nomads, living from activities such as hunting, fishing and gathering wild fruits. Over time, and thanks to the resources found in the area, they settled. They learned to cultivate the land, planted corn, beans and other plants. They began to form villages. They became sedentary. Currently, there is knowledge of indigenous settlements in the Nicaraguan region dating back to 4000 BC.

History of Nicaragua

Best Nicaragua History Timeline: The site of Acahualinca confirms these data along with other archaeological evidence found in Nicaragua, mainly ceramic items and volcanic stone statuaries such as those found on Zapatera Island. At the arrival of the Spanish, Nicaragua was inhabited by the following tribes:

Nagrandans
Matagalpas.
Branches.
Dirianes.
Chontals.
Miskitos.
Nicaraos.
Juices.
History Nicaragua

Colonization Era History About Nicaragua

History about Nicaragua: On September 12, 1502, Christopher Columbus arrived on the Caribbean coast and began the second period of history in Nicaragua.

After that, Gil González Dávila and Andrés Niño traveled by land from Panama in 1522, who met with the Caciques Nicoya and Nicaragua. From there, the expeditions of the Spaniards were more intense, beginning the period of indigenous resistance to the conquest and colonization that lasted from 1523 to 1550.

In this period the first 2 colonial cities of Nicaragua were born: León and Granada. During the colonial period, there were different disputes over territory. This includes invasion by British colonies, especially on the Nicaraguan Caribbean coast. Some pirates also landed in Nicaraguan territory in search of gold.

The intensity of the English colonies was so great that the territory of the Caribbean coast was considered as an English colony when a deal was achieved between the Miskito Indians and the English. It was not until 1860 that the Caribbean zone became independent from the British through the Treaty of Managua, where the sovereignty of Nicaragua over the territory was recognized, thus giving birth to the Mosquitia Reserve.

On the other hand, the rest of the country became independent in 1821. Putting an end to centuries of violence perpetuated by the Spanish colony.

Independent Period in Nicaragua

Best Nicaragua History Timeline: Initially, gaining independence from the Spanish colony could be seen as an opportunity to develop in peace and prosperity. However, Nicaragua’s post-independence period is tainted by power struggles, tyrannies, dictatorships, wars and much violence.

On September 15, 1821, Nicaragua became an independent territory, but the independence outbreaks had been born in 1811 in the cities of León, Granada and Rivas. Nicaragua became part of the United Nations of Central America formed jointly with Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica and Honduras. Independence brought with it a continuous confrontation for power between the powerful cities of León and Granada, and their respective political parties (in León the liberals and in Granada the Conservatives). This dispute involved an army of American mercenaries commanded by William Walker, who, after gaining sufficient military stability in the country, decided to take the nation and declare himself president with the intention of annexing it to the United States.

The contending national sides decided to unite in the face of the threat and aided by the Central American armies began a national war that saw its maximum historical expression in the patriotic battle of the San Jacinto hacienda. In 1857, William Walker was expelled and a period of some tranquility began.

From 1863 to 1893 there were conservative governments in Granada. In 1893, General José Santos Zelaya, the greatest political figure of the nineteenth century, supported by the liberals, inaugurated an enlightened and developmentalist dictatorship of sixteen years (1893-1909). Zelaya, in conflict with the North American mining companies, refused a bank loan and had to resign before the uprising of General Juan José Estrada (1909), who was supported by US bankers.

The loan he signed with the Brown Seligman house in New York when he was elected president (1911) placed the country under total dependence on the United States, manifested especially in the field of extractive industries and fruit production. Shortly thereafter (1912), U.S. Marines landed in the country to support President A. Díaz (1911-1916). In 1914 the Bryan-Chamorro treaty was signed, granting the United States a 99-year option for the construction of the interoceanic canal.

History Nicaraguan dictatorships

The periods of Nicaragua’s history are stained by the blood of our brothers. At this time we can observe very bloodthirsty years full of pain for many families.

In 1926, the U.S. reoccupied Nicaragua. But again there was strong opposition in the guerrilla war led by Augusto César Sandino and that remained until he left the country (1933), under the presidency of the liberal Juan B. Sacasa. Sandino was assassinated by the Nicaraguan National Guard, led by Anastasio Somoza (1934), who managed to seize power in 1937.

Somoza established one of the most ironclad and prolonged dictatorships in Latin America. He was president of Nicaragua from 1937 to 1947 and from 1950 to 1956. Somoza suppressed opposition and the labor movement, placed members of his family in key positions in the administration, and allowed Nicaraguan wealth to fall successively under the control of U.S. companies. The Somoza family continued to exercise control of Nicaragua, either directly or through men they trusted. In the 1963 elections, Rene Schick was elected president, and when he died in 1966 he was replaced by Lorenzo Guerrero.

In the elections of February 1967 triumphed the other son of the founder of the dynasty, Anastasio Somoza Debayle, who in May 1972 ceded power to a triumvirate, formed by the liberals Roberto Martínez and Alfonso Lovo and the conservative Fernando Agüero, reserving for himself the leadership of the armed forces. With this, Somoza secured victory in the presidential elections of 1974. During his mandate, the actions of the guerrilla movement, led mainly by the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN), increased.

The assassination of P. J. Chamorro (1978), director of La Prensa and leader of the moderate opposition, triggered a general protest against the regime that degenerated into civil war when Sandinista guerrillas occupied the National Palace and managed to exchange hundreds of hostages for political prisoners (August 22, 1978). Despite implementing martial law, the dictator had to relinquish power and fled the country (July 17, 1979).

Sandinismo History in Nicaragua

After the departure of Somoza, the National Directorate of the Sandinista Front imposed the creation of a Council of State, with a majority of the Sandinista Front. This led to the resignation of the non-Sandinista members of the Junta, Alfonso Robelo and Violeta Barrios de Chamorro (1980).

In 1981, the US initiated a plan to destabilize Nicaragua, through the CIA, financing the anti-Sandinista guerrillas of the “contras” and helping the former Somoza guards grouped in the Nicaraguan Democratic Force (FDN), which operated in the north of the country, and the Democratic Revolutionary Alliance (ARDE), which operated in the south. Faced with the mining of its ports by the CIA (1984), Nicaragua appealed to the International Court of Justice in The Hague, which condemned such activities.

Daniel Ortega History About Nicaragua

Best Nicaragua History Timeline: During his rule the country sank into an economic crisis and strong internal and external opposition to the regime (economic embargo by the United States) was accentuated, and to defend itself from it, the Nicaraguan Government decreed in October 1985 a year of state of emergency.

A new Constitution was promulgated in January 1987. The ratification of the state of emergency (February 1987) did not improve the state of war that the country had to sustain against the “contra” guerrillas. In the February 1990 elections, the National Opposition Union (UNO), headed by Violeta Barrios de Chamorro, won, the FSLN left power and the “contra” guerrillas were demobilized.