The History Of United Kingdom Timeline
History of United Kingdom: The sun never set during the British rule? The British ruled over a large part of the earth and hence it is called so. Since there is no darkness on the whole earth, it was said that the sun does not set under his rule.
The History Of England
The history of England : Great Britain is the name of an island in northwestern France and eastern Ireland. It is a part of the European continent which is situated on the north-west coast of the continent. Great Britain is the ninth largest island in the world. Its area is 209,331 square kilometers. Scotland, Wales and England are a part of this island. To some extent these three are autonomous regions.
England is located in the south-eastern part of Great Britain. Wales lies to the south-west and Scotland to the north.
England conquered Wales in 1282 AD and Scotland was duly annexed to England in 1707 AD. The combined part of this island is called the United Kingdom. Therefore, it has to be said that the United Kingdom is the name of a country, the island of Great Britain and England, Wales and Scotland are part of that island. Some people say England or Britain to address the whole country but this is not correct.
The United Kingdom mainly consists of four administrative regions: Scotland, Wales, England and Ireland. The official name of this country is ‘United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland’. That is, it includes all the islands of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and its capital is London. One-sixth of the north of the island of Ireland, known as Northern Ireland, is an administrative region of the United Kingdom.
The rest of the island of Ireland is an independent country called the Republic of Ireland. The bulk of the United Kingdom is the island of Great Britain. A History of United Kingdom.
Chronology Of United Kingdom
Timeline Of United Kingdom
BCE
700,000 BC People migrate to ‘Britain’ from Europe. Britain is joined to Europe (no sea in between) Mammoth, rhino and giant beavers live in ‘Britain’ Date of earliest human tools found on Suffolk coast.
130,000 BC Neanderthal Britain The dominate human species is Neanderthal.
25,000 BC Ice Age Northern Europe and most of modern Britain is plunged into a deep Ice Age
12,000 BC Beginning of the end of the Ice Age Re-colonization of Britain by home sapiens.
8,500 BC Warmer climate led to the growth of forests all over Britain.
BCE 6000 – The British Isles are formed as water levels rise separating them from mainland Europe. Britain becomes an Island The land bridge joining Britain to Europe flooded as the sea level rose.
4,200 BC Farming people arrive from Europe. First evidence of farming Farming quickly spread all across the British Isles. Land is cleared, wheat and barley planted , and herds of domesticated sheep, cattle, and pigs raised.
3,000 BC New Stone Age begins: farming people arrive from Europe. First stone circles erected.
2200 BC – The construction of Stonehenge is completed.
600 BC– The Celtic peoples begin to arrive and establish their culture.
55 BC– Roman leader Julius Caesar invades Britain, but withdraws.
In 55 B.C., Julius Caesar initiated the invasion. But it was only in AD 43 when the Romans under Emperor Claudius gradually conquered Britain. Different legions were sent to conquer various parts of Southern Britain. There were accounts of Roman resistance, including King Caratacus in AD 47. However, he lost the battle. The Roman conquest had a great impact on the British culture.
CE
CE 43 – The Roman Empire invades Britain and makes Britannia a Roman province.
50 – The Romans found the city of Londinium (which later becomes London).
122 – Roman Emperor Hadrian orders the construction of Hadrian’s Wall.
410 – The last of the Romans leave Britain.
450 – The Anglo-Saxons begin to settle in Britain. They rule much of the land until the Vikings arrive.
597 – Christianity is introduced by Saint Augustine.
617 – The kingdom of Northumbria is established as the dominant kingdom.
793 – The Vikings first arrive
802 – The kingdom of Wessex becomes the dominant kingdom.
866 – The Vikings invade Britain with a large army. They defeat Northumbria in 867.
871 – Alfred the Great becomes king of the Wessex.
878 – Alfred is nearly defeated by the Vikings. He narrowly escapes. Alfred gathers an army and defeats the Vikings at the Battle of Edington.
926 – The Saxons defeat the Vikings and retake the Danelaw.
1016 – The Danish conquer England and King Canute of Denmark becomes King of England.
1066 – The Norman Conquest occurs. William of Normandy becomes king.
The Battle of Stamford Bridge
The Roman Conquest resulted in the establishment of Britain as a European Nation. In the Battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066, they debated where Britain would belong to – in Western Europe or in the Nordic Arc. Harold Godwinson expelled the Vikings from England. The Vikings remained a menace to Roman Catholic civilization. Later on, William the Conqueror defeated Harold’s armies, placing England into the family of Western European nations. The History of United Kingdoms Timeline.
1078 – William begins the construction of the Tower of London.
1086 – A survey of all England called the Domesday Book is completed.
1154 – Henry II becomes king. This is the start of the Plantegenet line of rulers.
1170 – Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury, is put to death by Henry II.
1215 – King John is forced to sign the Magna Carta.
1277 The Edwardian Conquest of Wales: After the death of King Henry III, his son Edward I became the new King of England. Edward generally disliked the Celts. Thus, he started a conquest of Wales in three separate campaigns. In 1277, Edward sent a huge English army in the North Wales Coast. The Welsh led by Dafydd, Llewelyn’s brother, started a revolt against the English but later on tried and executed.
The second campaign was Democratic. Edward was obliged to call a parliament. Thus, parliamentary democracy has been rooted in the English subjection of Wales. The History of United Kingdoms.
1297 – William Wallace leads the Scotts in their defeat of the English. He is defeated a year later at the Battle of Falkirk.
1320– The Declaration of Arbroath
The Declaration of Arbroath pertained to the declaration of Scottish Independence in 1320. After the Battle of Bannockburn, the English armies had been banished from Scotland. However, there were still vulnerabilities to invasion from the south. With this, Scotland issued the Declaration of Arbroath, a plea submitted to Pope John XXII to confirm the sovereignty of Scotland.
1337 – The Hundred Years’ War with France begins. It will last until 1453.
1340– The Battle of Sluys
The Battle of Sluys in 1340 was a major turning point in the Hundred Years’ War. It started after a series of disagreements between the Kings of England and the Kings of France about land ownership. By the 14th century, France occupied English territories in Europe. They also began to build their navies, especially in waters. With this, the English started a revolt. They destroyed a majority of the French ships and succeeded. The English victory at Sluys marked the most important maritime success in Europe. The History of United Kingdoms.
1349 – The Black Death hits England killing a large portion of the English population.
1415 – The English defeat the French at the Battle of Agincourt.
1453 – The Hundred Years’ War comes to an end.
1455 – The War of the Roses begins between the families of the Plantagenets and the Lancastrians for the right to rule England.
1485 – The War of the Roses ends with the crowning of Henry Tudor as King Henry VII. The House of Tudor begins its reign.
1508 – Henry VIII is crowned king. The History of United Kingdoms.
1534 – Henry VIII forms the Church of England. The History of United Kingdoms Timeline .
1536 – England and Wales are joined by the Act of Union.
1558 – Elizabeth I becomes Queen. The Elizabethan Era begins.
1580 – Explorer Sir Francis Drake completes his journey around the globe.
1588 – The English fleet led by Sir Francis Drake defeat the Spanish Armada.
1591 – William Shakespeare begins writing and performing plays.
1600 – The East India Company is established.
1602 – James I becomes king and rules over England and Scotland. He is the first of the Stuart family to rule.
1605 – Guy Fawkes fails in his attempt to blow up Parliament.
1620 – The Pilgrims set sail for America aboard the Mayflower.
1666 – The Great Fire of London destroys much of the city.
1689 – The English Bill of Rights is established giving more power to the parliament.
1707 –The Act of Union England and Scotland are united as one country called Great Britain.
During the 13th and 14th centuries, English armies tried to conquer Scotland through military force. It was until in 1707 when they agreed to the Act of Union. This was composed of two Acts of Parliament involving Scotland and England. Through the Acts of Union, the two kingdoms became united on One Kingdom. Basically, the two nations shared the same monarch government. They also shared one military and engineering prowess. This was considered as the most successful nation union in world history.
1756 – The Seven Year’s War begins.
1770s – The Industrial Revolution begins in England.
1776 – The American colonies declare their independence from Britain.
1787– The Slave Trade Act In 1787,
A Committee for the Abolition of Slave Trade was formed by the Evangelical English Protestants. One of the most active anti-slave campaigners was William Wilberforce. They call for the absolute end of slavery in the British Empire. In 1807, the Slave Trade Act was passed the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
1801 – The British and Irish parliaments are joined by the Act of Union to create the United Kingdom.
1805 – The British fleet defeats Napoleon at the Battle of Trafalgar.
1815- The Battle of Waterloo
The French army started another conquest in Europe under Napoleon Bonaparte. Napoleon rose to power during the French Revolution, conquering various parts of Europe. British-led Allied Armies under Wellington and Prussian commands defeated Napoleon and the French army at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. This marked the absolute end of French army’s plan of conquering Europe.
1837 – Queen Victoria is crowned queen. The Victorian Era begins.
1854 – The Crimean War is fought against Russia. A History of United Kingdoms Timeline.
1914 – World War I begins. The United Kingdom fights with Allies against the Central Powers led by Germany.
1918 – World War I ends.
1921 – Ireland is granted independence. A History of United Kingdoms Timeline.
1928 – Women gain equal rights to vote. A History of United Kingdoms Timeline.
1939 – World War II begins. The United Kingdom joins the Allies against the Axis Powers.
1940 – The United Kingdom is bombed by the Germans for months during the Battle of Britain
1945 – World War II ends.
1952 – Elizabeth II is crowned queen.
1979 – Margaret Thatcher becomes the first female prime minister of the United Kingdom.
1981 – Prince Charles marries Lady Diana.
1982 – The Falklands War occurs. The History of United Kingdoms.
1991 – The United Kingdom joins the United States in the Gulf War.
1997 – Princess Diana dies in a car crash. Britain gives control of Hong Kong to China.
2003 – The Iraq War occurs. The History of United Kingdoms.
2011 – Prince William marries Catherine Middleton. A History of United Kingdoms Timeline.
British Empire
British Empire: It was the largest empire in the world. Its range extended from all of Europe, America, Australia Asia and Africa. It was said that the sun of the British Empire never set. In a way it was a global power. About a quarter of the total population of the whole world was under it, that is, a total of 500 million people were its subjects. The History of United Kingdoms.
Ruled the total land area of 3.55 crore square km of the earth.
Total Land: 25% Total Area of Earth
The best year for him was 1920.
The History of Ancient United Kingdom (Britain)
History of Ancient Britain: The special geographical location of Great Britain has always set it apart from other European countries.
Great Britain has not always been an island. It formed only after the end of the last ice age, when the ice melted and flooded the lowlands at the site of today’s English Channel and the North Sea. The History of United Kingdoms.
Of course, the Ice Age was not a long, uninterrupted winter. The ice then came to the islands, then retreated north, giving the first person the opportunity to settle in new places. The earliest evidence of human presence in the British Isles – flint tools – dates back to around 250,000 BC.
However, the noble efforts of these peoples were interrupted by another cold snap, and did not resume until about 50,000 BCE, when the ice receded and a new generation of people arrived on the islands, the modern inhabitants of Great Britain. were the ancestors of.
5000 BC Britain eventually became an island inhabited by small tribes of hunters and fishermen.
Around 3000 BC the first wave of settlers arrived on the island, who grew grain, kept livestock, and knew how to make pottery. Perhaps they came from Spain or the territory of North Africa. A History of United Kingdom. The History of United Kingdoms.
They followed him around 2400 BC. Others arrived who spoke Indo-European and knew how to make tools from bronze.
Accession of Ireland
History of United Kingdom: Something similar happened with Ireland as well. The country was divided into Catholic and Protestant religious groups. Of these, Catholics were the majority. The British supported the Protestant religions against him, which established his dominance in Ireland. Catholics revolted against British rule which were brutally suppressed.
After the failure of the rebellion led by Wolfe Tone and his United Irishmen, Ireland was forcibly incorporated into the United Kingdom in 1801. Thus after the creation of a new ‘British Nation’, the emblems of the new Britain, the British flag (Union Jack) and the national anthem (God save our Nobel King) were greatly praised. The History of United Kingdoms.
Climate in United Kingdom
The climate in the UK varies greatly depending on location. Areas that are closer to the Atlantic, like Northern Ireland and Wales, have wetter air and milder temperatures. England experiences cool, but not freezing, temperatures almost year round, and an average amount of rain. Snow can occur, but is unusual. A History of United Kingdom. The History of United Kingdoms.
The Cost Of Living
Like the climate, the cost of living is going to vary depending on if you live in the UK. London, a cultural and educational center, is one of the most expensive places in the world. The cost of rent and day-to-day activities are both quite high here. Dining out in England is also expensive, so consider looking for a hostel or apartment that has a kitchen to cut costs. A History of United Kingdom.
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