The History Of Israelites Timeline
History of Israel documentary: The territory of Israel (Medinat Yisra’el), a State in the Middle East, comprises a narrow coastal strip in the eastern Mediterranean, with a maximum length of 416 km between the northern tip, where it wedges between Lebanon and Syria, and the southern one, which reaches the Red Sea. History of Israel.
A History of Israel
Israeli history: “Hebrews”, “Israelites”, “Jews”, three terms that designate one and the same people. The term “Hebrew” is first used, from the birth of the people (around 2000 BC) to their entry into Palestine (twelfth century BC). It is then called “Israelite”, until the exile in Babylon in 587 BC. J.-C., then the term “Jew” is used until today. Israel is considered the first people to have practiced pure monotheism. He worshipped only one God, whose name is said to be unpronounceable, but who is usually written Yahweh. This makes Judaism the cradle of all monotheistic religions, and by far the oldest (twice as old as Christianity for example). History of Israel.
History of Israel in the bible: The history of Israel is mainly known with the Hebrew Bible, which corresponds approximately to the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. Even if it is above all a sacred and religious text, historians agree to recognize, in large part, the historical truth. History of Israel.
History On Israel
- Continent : Asia.
- Area : 20,770 km².
- Capital : Jerusalem.
- Currency : New shekel (shekel).
- Official languages : Hebrew, Arabic.
Religious In Israel
Religions percentage in Israel.
| Sr No | Religion | Population Adhering (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Judaism | 74.7 |
| 2 | Islam | 17.7 |
| 3 | Other | 4.1 |
| 4 | Christianity | 2 |
| 5 | Druzism | 1.6 |
What Is The History Of Israel Timeline?
Civilizations In Israel
According to some researchers, such as William F. Albright, Nelson Glueck, and EA Speiser, ancient civilizations in Israel date back to the Middle Bronze Age , although Cyrus Gordon places them at the end of the Bronze Age. Other authors refer that the genesis of Israel was during the Iron Age. History of Israel.
Between the 11th and 9th millennium BC, the nomadic Natufian civilization flourished in Canaan. From the ninth millennium BC. C. Neolithic tribes began to settle in this area, raising animals and farming, with the help of tools made of bones and stones. After the VII millennium a. C. prospered Er Riha (Jericho), which is known as one of the oldest cities in the world .
During the 5th millennium, Canaan achieved great economic and cultural development thanks to its proximity to the civilizations of northern Syria, influenced by Mesopotamia. Arrived the fourth millennium a. C., the Canaanite civilization established, among sedentary farmers and semi-nomadic herders, a political and economic system of city-states.
The Road of the Kings, which crossed the Sinai desert, opened new exchanges between Canaan and Egypt, from the third millennium BC. C. Around 1200 BC. C. the power of the Egyptians declined, ceasing the domain over Palestine.
By then, numerous city-states were dividing the lands and each of their kings intended to occupy the land of the other. These struggles gave rise to the taking of Palestine or conquest of Canaan, which allowed the entry of the people of Israel to the so-called promised land.
According to the summary history of Israel, from the Canaanite period (from the 3rd millennium to the 16th century BC) comes the tradition of surrounding oneself with walls , an example of which is the Canaanite city of Ourousalim (Jerusalem).
Jaffa: The Origin Of Tel Aviv
Jaffa is the oldest port in the world and, for centuries, was an essential stop on the trade routes of Egyptian and Phoenician sailors. Archaeological excavations in Jaffa have shown that this historic seaside village has been inhabited since the Bronze Age .
The ancient city of Jaffa ( Yafo in Hebrew ) therefore has more than three thousand years of history and is mentioned in the Bible and in the Torah, the holy book of the Jews. According to Christian legend, Jaffa was founded by Noah’s son after the Great Flood . For the Jews, this ancient village was one of the main Hebrew cities of Israel thousands of years ago. History of Israel.
In ancient times, Jaffa was considered the gateway to the Land of Israel , until in the time of Herod the Great it was replaced by the prosperous Roman city of Caesarea. From there, the invasions of Yafo did not stop happening. History of Israel.
Jaffa Invasions
Jaffa’s history has been marked by equal parts prosperity and conflict. What became one of the most important ports in the East remained so for several centuries, but in the hands of Byzantines, Islamic and Crusaders , who gradually conquered this coveted port city.
All of these towns left their mark on the labyrinth of narrow alleys that make up Jaffa today. History of Israel.
Israel In The Pre-State Period
Biblical history of Israel: In the Bible there is talk of a strong opposition between Israelites and Canaanites since ancient times. The first Israelites were under the domination of the Canaanite cities , but later managed to move away.
Those who escaped from Egypt guided by Moses managed to destroy Sihon and Og, two of the kingdoms that dominated the most fertile regions. This takeover was made possible with the support of villagers and herders. This is how the people of ancient Israel were formed from a mix of Canaanite outcasts and hapirú adventurers , shepherds, peasants, itinerant artisans, and priests who did not agree with the system. The religion based on faith in Yahweh was decisive in this uprising against the Canaanite feudal masters.
According to the summary of the history of Israel, the appearance of the different Israelite tribes that were unified after the state of Israel was formed gave way to a period in which they were no longer called habiru.
The Kingdom In Israel
- Israel history timeline
Between 1200 and 1000 a. C., during the first two centuries after the capture of the Promised Land, the people of Israel were united by a league of tribes called Amphictyony, or a voluntary and apolitical union of twelve tribes. Following the organization of the twelve tribes at Shechem, the tribal league was renamed “Israel,” and from there Jehovah was officially called the “God of Israel.”
History of Israel kings: The Israelite tribes decided to find a leader to unify them and chose Saul as the first king of Israel. Highly charismatic, his main task was to expel the Philistines from Israelite lands.
After losing the Gilboa mountains and the war, David made his way, who became a king with great ability to organize the neighboring peoples. History of Israel.
The Sovereignty Of The Persians
The year 559 BC arrives. C. and Cyrus II the Great becomes king of Persia. He conquers Babylon in 539 BC. C. The Persian empire comes to rule western Asia, including Israel (until 332 BC). History of Israel.
Prince Cyrus ended the status of a slave nation for the Jews and gave them permission to return to the land of Israel and rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem, along with objects that the Babylonians took.
When the Persians were defeated by Alexander the Great, in 331 a. C., the town of Israel happened to be governed by him. When Alexander died in 323 a. C., the Israelites changed hands at least five times in just 20 years. History of Israel.
Greeks And Romans In Israel
In the year 332 a. C., Alexander the Great took over the empire of the Persians, which led him to take over the land of Palestine and generated a diaspora of the Jews , given the annexation of more territories to Alexander’s empire.
After the penetration of Hellenism in Palestine, in the third century a. C., the Old Testament was translated into Greek for the Jews who were in Egypt. This stage is known as the seventies (LXX). History of Israel.
In the second century a. C., Antiochus IV Epiphanes prohibited the Jewish cult and circumcision and ordered that they worship the Olympian god Zeus, which sparked revolts led by Judas Maccabee. In the year 66 a. C., Pompey transformed the region of Palestine and Syria into a Roman province. History of Israel.
Yahweh’s Tribes In Israel
In the entire history of Israel, summary speaks of the primitive Jewish people formed by marginalized Canaanites and Hapirú tribes, who were united based on the belief in the only God Yahweh, around the years 1250 and 1150 BC. C. in Canaan.
THE FOUNDATIONS OF THE STATE OF ISRAEL
History of Israel vs Palestine: On May 14, 1948, in accordance with the resolution of the UN General Assembly of November 29, 1947, David Ben-Gurion proclaimed the independence of the State of Israel (“Medinat Israel”) and became Prime Minister. The new state must immediately face the offensive of five Arab armies (Egypt, Transjordan, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon) which come to lend a hand to the Arabs of Palestine, militarily defeated. The war ended with Israel’s victory, but created a new humanitarian and political problem, that of the Palestinian refugees. The history of Israel as a nation.
If the year 1948 marks the accession to the sovereignty of a new State, it is in many ways the consecration of a socio-political reality that gradually took shape in the first half of the century. The Jewish pioneers who arrived from Russia in 1904 laid the first foundations for an independent Jewish society (cooperative villages, political parties, agricultural union, paramilitary self-defense organization). These humble beginnings saw important developments after the establishment of the British Mandate over Palestine in 1920.
THE ROLE OF THE HISTADRUT
The Histadrut (General Federation of Workers of Eretz Israel) is, from the outset, much more than just a trade union: it also acts as an entrepreneur (cooperatives, enterprises, kibbutzim, mochavim), provider of care (through the Koupat Holim, Health Insurance Fund) and “cultural agency” (management until 1951 of schools of the workers’ current, sports and cultural associations, publishing houses, newspapers…). It also originally controlled the Haganah, the embryonic Jewish army, which gradually grew to 45,000 men in 1947.
THE JEWISH AGENCY
What was Israel before 1948? If the Histadrut is the real instrument of consolidation of Zionism, the Jewish community of Palestine (Yishuv) also has real “paragovernmental” bodies. The most important is the Jewish Agency which, led by Ben-Gurion from 1935, functions as the unofficial government of the Jews of Palestine and the diaspora who recognize themselves in the Zionist project. History of Israel.
THE ASSEMBLY OF ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES AND THE NATIONAL COUNCIL
History of Israel and Palestine Timeline: Two other specialized bodies represent only the Jews of Palestine: the Assembly of Elected Representatives (Asefat ha-Nivharim) and the National Council (Vaad Leoumi). History of Israel.
Who owned the land first Israel or Palestine? The first is a “Parliament of the Jews of Palestine”, which prefigures the Knesset, and makes it possible to organize the nascent political life around four currents: the socialist bloc, which regularly sees its audience grow, the general Zionists (centrist liberals), the revisionists (conservative right), the religious Zionists. As for the National Council, emanating from the Assembly of Elected Representatives, it is an essentially administrative body dealing with land acquisition, education, health, social affairs…
THE PRE-EMINENCE OF SOCIALIST ZIONISM
How was Israel formed? All this institutional infrastructure frames a Jewish community that was strengthened demographically during the interwar period due to immigration, from 56,000 in 1918 to 550,000 in 1945 (during the same period, the Arab population increased from 600,000 to 1.2 million). History of Israel.
The declaration of independence in 1948 marked a turning point, but in many ways it was also the culmination of the half-century-long process of national consolidation. The representatives of socialist Zionism, which have dominated the apparatus of the Zionist movement and the institutions of the Yishuv since the 1930s, retained this supremacy until the elections of May 1977 – where, for the first time, the right-wing opposition came to power. History of Israel.
First Arab Israeli War 1949
History of Israel Palestine Conflict Timeline: It was a conflict that developed between the years 1948 and 1949, which lasted 15 months, and was where the army of the newly founded state of Israel and the Arabs of Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Kingdom of Egypt and Transjordan opposed to the creation of the Jewish state clashed.
Against all odds, the Israelis managed to survive and even occupy a larger portion of Palestine. The UN played an important role in bringing the war to an end. Israel’s triumph was due in part to its own desperate resistance and the fact that the Arabs were divided and ill-equipped. History of Israel.
Entire population of a Palestinian village, nearly a million Arabs fled to Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria where they settled in miserable refugee camps. Jerusalem was divided between Israel and Jordan, and even though the United States, Britain, and France guaranteed Israel’s borders, the Arab states did not regard the ceasefire as permanent; this was only the first stage in the struggle to destroy Israel and liberate Palestine. History of Israel.
The war ended in 1949 with the signing of an armistice in Rhodes. As a result of this war, the newly created state of Israel reached 20,000 km² by occupying the western Galilee (Nazareth), the southern coastal strip to Gaza and a corridor through the Judean Mountains, which included the western sector of Jerusalem. More than half a million Arabs took refuge in Jordan and the Gaza Strip (under Egyptian administration). History of Israel.
Israel War In 1968
- What Was The Six Day War?
History of Israel Wars Timeline: The Six-Day War , or Third Arab-Israeli War , was fought between June 5 and 10, 1967, with the armed forces of the State of Israel on one side of the conflict and those of Egypt, Syria, Jordan and Iraq, which in turn received support from Kuwait, Libya, Saudi Arabia, Algeria and Sudan. This was the quickest war fought between Arabs and Israelis and it was also the war that made it possible for Israel to expand its territory, conquering the Sinai Peninsula, the West Bank, Gaza, East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights – which subsequently triggered the Yom Kippur War , 1973.
The Whys Of The Conflict
- Israel history timeline
Arabs and Israelis had already come into conflict on two occasions since the Independence of the State of Israel in 1948. In the 1950s and 1960s, Arab nationalism was on the rise, led by the President of Egypt and later President of the United Arab Republic (RAU). Gamal Abdel Nasser. Abdel Nasser was supported by Hafez al-Assad , from Syria, King Hussein , from Jordan, and by other Arab heads of state, especially those who were part of the Arab League . At the Second Cairo Conference of 1964, these countries made it clear, through a declaration, that one of their main objectives was the destruction of the State of Israel .
This type of stance has greatly increased tension in the Middle East region. The situation worsened when Syria and Jordan started to support guerrilla groups born from the Palestine Liberation Organization, the PLO , and to move regular troops along the borders with Israel, in May 1967. Pressured by Syrians and Jordanians, Gamal Abdel Nasser mobilized Egyptian troops in the Sinai Peninsula, on May 16, and ordered the UN troops – present there since the end of the last Arab-Israeli war (1956) – to withdraw. On the 22nd of the same month, Nasser ordered the blockade of the Gulf of Aqaba.. History of Israel borders.
On June 4, Iraq joined the Jordanian-Egyptian mutual aid pact in the event of war. Anticipating a coordinated attack by these countries, the next day, Israel began its “blitzkrieg”. History of Israel.
Israel Lightning war
On the first day of the war, 309 of the 340 Egyptian fighter planes were destroyed by Israeli fighter jets in the space of just two hours. The planes were destroyed at their military bases on the ground. On the second day, Israel crossed the borders of the Sinai Peninsula.
On the third day, Israeli paratroopers conquered the Old City of Jerusalem , which was under Jordanian rule, and on the 7th they reached the Straits of Tiran and, on the 8th, Rumani , near the Suez Canal . In the following days, Egypt and Syria were already defeated, and the war continued against Jordan. With the advance of Israeli troops over the border, there was the capture of the West Bank – Jordanian portion close to the natural border of the Jordan River.
The balance of the war was as follows: for Israel, the calculated damage was 980 soldiers killed, 4,520 wounded, 40 planes shot down and 394 tanks damaged. On the Arab side, 4,300 soldiers were killed, 6,120 wounded, 444 planes shot down and 965 tanks damaged.
- Fourth Arab-Israeli War of 1973
The Arab-Israeli war of 1973, also known by the name jewish religious holidays Yom Kippur War, pitted Israel against Egypt and Syria. It was the fourth of the wars that pitted the Hebrew state against the Arab countries. History of Israel.
Israel War In 1973 Main Factors That Caused The War
- Israel’s history timeline
Israel war of 1973: The failure to solve the problems arising from the 1967 war. The Israeli refusal to return the territories taken from Syria and Egypt and the failure of Anwar sadat’s peace proposals. Israel was aware of its military superiority. That confidence led him to refuse any cession of territories, but it also made the Arab attack of 1973 take his armed forces by surprise. History of Israel.
The Arab attack began on October 6, 1973, the day of Yom Kippur, the most important Jewish religious holiday. The Egyptians crossed the Suez Canal and the Syrians took the Golan Heights. However, as of October 10, the Israeli counterattack began. Henri Kissinger, the U.S. Secretary of State, traveled to Moscow to negotiate a solution. Eventually the warring parties followed a UN resolution calling for a ceasefire. On October 25, 1973, the guns fell silent. History of Israel.
Israel war 1973, Almost 15,000 dead from the conflict the war of 1973 had important repercussions. Israel history timeline:
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Israel Lebanon War 1982
In 1978, Israel occupied part of Lebanese territory in ‘Operation Litani’, settling on a strip south of the river of the same name. More than 1,000 civilians were killed in the fighting. That same year, the UN Security Council adopted resolutions urging Israel to leave the occupied territories and creating an international interim force in order to confirm that withdrawal and ensure the restoration of peace.
In June 1978, Israeli forces withdrew from Lebanon, except for what Tel Aviv called the “security zone.” In this region, the Israelis have enlisted the help of a Lebanese militia, the South Lebanon Army (SLA), to which they provide military training and economic aid.
During the summer of 1982, Israel again launched a major offensive against the neighboring country. This time it took control of Beirut, which was besieged and bombed for two months, until the forces of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) agreed to leave the city. The military operation was called ‘Peace for Galilee’.
Israeli forces occupied Beirut until July 1983, when they retreated to the Awali River, north of Sidon. The entire area between this river and the border remained occupied until 1985, when they retreated back to the ‘security zone’.
The Forces of Tel Aviv were besieged during this period by a multitude of Lebanese armed groups, among which those emerged from the Shiite community, the largest in southern Lebanon. Among them occupies a preferential place Hezbollah, (Party of God), founded in 1982.
Relations between the various Lebanese militias have often been characterized by rivalry, leading to a number of armed clashes. The Arab League put an end to these attacks with the signing of the Ta’if Agreement in 1989.
The power of Hezbollah
For its part, the Lebanese Government decreed the disarmament of all armed groups in the country, with the exception of Hezbollah, which dismantled its structure in Beirut but kept it in southern Lebanon to continue its conflict with Israel. Since 1991, fighting in southern Lebanon has involved Hezbollah and Israeli and FSA forces.
History Timeline of Israel
CHRONOLOGY OF ISRAEL : The History Timeline of Israel.
| S. XVII – VI BCE | BIBLICAL ERA |
| ( BCE – Before Common Era )
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| circa s. seventeenth
Drawings of Noam Nadav
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The Patriarchs: Abraham, Isaac, Jacob – patriarchs of the Jewish people and bearers of the belief in a single God – settle in the Land of Israel. The famine forces the Israelites to migrate to Egypt. |
| circa s. XIII | Exodus from Egypt: Moses leads the Israelites out of Egypt, followed by 40 years of wandering in the desert. The Torah, including the Ten Commandments, is received at Mount Sinai. |
| yes 13th – 12th | The Israelites settle in the Land of Israel. History of Israel. |
| circa 1020 | Establishment of the Jewish monarchy Saul, first king. |
| circa 1000 | Jerusalem is made the capital of David’s kingdom. |
| circa 960 | The First Temple, the national and spiritual center of the Jewish people, is built in Jerusalem by King Solomon. |
| circa 930 | The kingdom is divided into two: Judea and Israel History of Israel. |
| 722-720 | Israel is defeated by the Assyrians; 10 exiled tribes (the Ten Lost Tribes) . |
| 586 | Judea is conquered by Babylon. Jerusalem and the First Temple are destroyed, most of the Jews are exiled to Babylon. |
SECOND TEMPLE PERIOD |
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| 538-142 | PERSIAN AND HELLENISTIC PERIOD |
| 538-515 | Many Jews return from Babylon; the Temple is rebuilt . History of Israel. |
| 332 | Earth is conquered by Alexander the Great; hellenistic domain. |
| 166-160 | Maccabean (Hasmonean) rebellion against restrictions on the practice of Judaism and the desecration of the Temple. |
| 142-129 | Jewish autonomy under the Hasmonean dynasty. |
| 129-63 | Jewish independence under the Hasmonean monarchy . |
| 63 | Jerusalem is captured by the Roman general Pompey . |
| 63 BCE-313 CE | ROMAN RULE |
| 63-4 BCE | Herod, Roman vassal king, rules the Land of Israel; The Temple in Jerusalem is refurbished |
( EC – Common Era ) |
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| circa 20-33 CE | Ministry of Jesus of Nazareth |
| 66 | Jewish rebellion against Rome. History of Israel. |
| 70 | Destruction of Jerusalem and the Second Temple . |
| 73 | Last stand of the Jews at Masada . |
| 132-135 | Bar Cojbá uprising against Rome . History of Israel. |
| c. 210 | The Codification of the Jewish Oral Law ( Mishna ) is completed. |
| FOREIGN DOMAIN
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| 313-636 | BYZANTINE RULE |
| circa 390 | Closing Commentary on the Mishnah ( Jerusalem Talmud ). |
| 614 | Persian invasion |
| 636-1099 | ARAB RULE |
| 691 | On the site of the First and Second Temples in Jerusalem Caliph Abd el-Malik builds the Dome of the Rock |
| 1099-1291 | CROSS DOMINANCE (Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem) |
| 1291-1516 | MAMLUK RULE |
| 1517-1917 | OTTOMAN RULE |
| 1564 | Publication of the Code of Jewish Law ( Shulchan Aruch ). |
| 1860 | Construction of the first neighborhood outside the walls of Jerusalem . |
| 1882-1903 | First Aliyah (large-scale immigration), mainly from Russia . |
| 1897 | The First World Zionist Congress is called by Theodore Herzl in Basel, Switzerland; the World Zionist Organization is founded. |
| 1904-14 | Second Aliyah, mainly from Russia and Poland |
| 1909 | The first kibbutz , Degania, and the first modern Jewish city, Tel Aviv, are founded. . |
| 1917 | 400 years of Ottoman rule ends with British conquest; British Foreign Secretary Balfour pledges support for the establishment of a “Jewish national home in Palestine”. |
| 1918-48 | BRITISH RULE |
| 1919-23 | Third Aliyah , mainly from Russia |
| 1920 | The Histadrut (General Confederation of Workers) and the Haganah (Jewish defense organization) are founded . The Jewish community establishes the National Council ( Vaad Leumí ) for the direction of its affairs. |
| 1921 | Nahalal, the first moshav, is founded. |
| 1922 | Great Britain receives the Mandate over Palestine (Land of Israel) from the League of Nations; Transjordan is established over three quarters of the territory, leaving only one quarter for the Jewish national home. The Jewish Agency is established, to represent the Jewish community before the Mandatory authorities. |
| 1924 | The Technion – Israeli Institute of Technology is founded in Haifa. |
| 1924-32 | Fourth Aliyah, mainly from Poland. |
| 1925 | The Hebrew University of Jerusalem opens its doors on Mount Scopus. |
| 1929 | The Jews of Hebron are massacred by Arab militants . |
| 1931 | The Etzel , an underground Jewish organization, is founded. |
| 1933-39 | Fifth Aliya, mainly from Germany. |
| 1936-39 | Militant Arabs provoke anti-Jewish riots. |
| 1939 | The British White Paper limits Jewish immigration. |
| 1939-45 | World War II: Holocaust in Europe. |
| 1941 | The Leji , an underground movement, is formed; the Palmach , the Haganah shock force , is created . |
| 1944 | The Jewish Brigade is formed as part of the British forces. |
| 1947 | The UN proposes the establishment of an Arab and a Jewish state on Earth. |
| STATE OF ISRAEL | |
| 1948 | The British Mandate ends (May 14) The State of Israel is proclaimed (May 14). Israel is invaded by five Arab states (May 15). War of Independence (May 1948 – July 1949). The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) are established. |
| 1949 |
Nation of Israel timeline: Armistice agreements are signed with Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon.
Jerusalem is divided under Israeli and Jordanian rule. |
| 1948-52 | Mass immigration from Europe and Arab countries. |
| 1956 | Sinai Campaign |
| 1962 | Adolf Eichmann is tried and executed in Israel for his part in the Holocaust. |
| 1964 | The National Aqueduct, which transports water from the north to the semi-arid south, has been completed. |
| 1967 | War of the six days; reunified Jerusalem. |
| 1968-70 | Egypt’s War of Attrition against Israel |
| 1973 | Yom Kippur War. History of Israel pdf. |
| 1975 | Israel becomes an associate member of the European Common Market. |
| 1977 | Likud forms government after Knesset elections; end of 30 years of Labor government. Visit of Egyptian President Sadat to Jerusalem. |
| 1978 | Camp David Agreements that constitute a framework for comprehensive peace in the Middle East and a proposal for Palestinian self-government. |
| 1979 | The Israeli-Egyptian Peace Treaty is signed. Prime Minister Menachem Begin and President Anwar Sadat are recipients of the Nobel Peace Prize. |
| 1981 | The Israeli Air Force destroys the Iraqi nuclear reactor just before it becomes operational. |
| 1982 | Israel’s three-stage withdrawal from Sinai ends; Operation Peace for Galilee drives PLO (Palestinian Liberation Organization) terrorists away from Lebanon. |
| 1984 | A government of National Unity (Likud and Labour) is formed. Operation Moses, immigration of the Jews from Ethiopia. |
| 1985 | A Free Trade Agreement is signed with the United States. |
| 1987 | Widespread violence ( intifada ) begins in the Israeli-administered territories. |
| 1988 | Likud comes to power after the elections. |
| 1989 | A four-point peace initiative is proposed by Israel. Mass immigration of Jews from the former Soviet Union begins. |
| 1991 | Israel is attacked by Iraqi SCUD missiles during the Persian Gulf War. The Peace Conference for the Middle East meets in Madrid; Operation Solomon, airlift of Jews from Ethiopia. |
| 1992 | Diplomatic relations with China and India are established. A government led by Yitzhak Rabin of the Labor party comes to power. |
| 1993 | Declaration of Principles on interim self-government agreements are signed by Israel and the PLO, as the representative of the Palestinian people. |
| 1994 | Implementation of Palestinian self-government in the Gaza Strip and Jericho Diplomatic relations with the Holy See . Offices of interests of Morocco and Tunisia are opened. The Peace Treaty between Israel and Jordan is signed . Rabin , Peres and Arafat are awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. |
| nineteen ninety five | Expansion of Palestinian self -government in the West Bank and Gaza Strip is implemented; the Palestinian Council is elected. Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin is assassinated at a peace meeting. Shimon Peres becomes Prime Minister. |
| nineteen ninety six | Escalation of fundamentalist Arab terrorism against Israel. Operation Grapes of Wrath , retaliation for Hizbollah terror attacks against northern Israel. Commercial representation offices are established in Oman and Qatar. Likud forms government after Knesset elections . Benjamin Netanyahu takes office as Prime Minister. Oman’s trade representative office opens in Tel Aviv. |
| 1997 | Israel and the PA sign the Hebron Protocol . |
| 1998 | Israel Celebrates 50th Anniversary Israel and the PLO sign the Wye River Memorandum to facilitate implementation of the Interim Agreement. |
| 1999 | Ehud Barak (leftist One Israel party) is elected prime minister ; he forms a coalition government. Israel and the PLO sign the Sharem el-Sheikh Memorandum . |
| 2000 | Visit of Pope John Paul II Israel withdraws from the security zone in South Lebanon. Israel is admitted to the UN Western European group and other groups. A new wave of violence breaks out . Prime Minister Barak resigns. |
| 2001 | Ariel Sharon (Likud) is elected Prime Minister ; he forms a broad-based unity government. The report of the Sharm-el Sheikh Commission to determine the events (Mitchell Report) is published . An Israeli-Palestinian Security Implementation Work Plan (Tenet Ceasefire Plan ) is proposed. Rejavam Zeevy , Minister of Tourism, is assassinated by Palestinian terrorists. |
| 2002 | Israel launches “Operation Wall of Defense” in response to massive Palestinian terror attacks. Prime Minister Sharon unveils the Knesset, calling for new elections to be held on January 28, 2003. |
| 2003 | Prime Minister Ariel Sharon forms a center-right government coalition. Israel accepts the Road Map . |
| 2005 | Israel carries out the Disengagement Plan that was approved by the Government and by the Knesset. |
| 2006 | After the Prime Minister suffers a stroke, Ehud Olmert becomes acting Prime Minister. Elections are held on March 28. Prime Minister Ehud Olmert forms a new government. Israel conducts military operations against Palestinian terrorists in the Gaza Strip after the kidnapping of an Israeli soldier. Following the kidnapping of two Israeli soldiers and missile attacks against the civilian population, the Second Lebanon War breaks out in which Israel undertakes military operations against Hizbollah terrorism based in southern Lebanon. |
| 2007 | Shimon Peres is elected President by the Knesset. Israel declares Gaza “hostile territory” following Hamas’ forcible takeover of the Gaza Strip. |
| 2008 | Israel celebrates its 60th anniversary. Israel launches its Gaza operation in response to the firing of more than 10,000 rockets and mortars from the Gaza Strip. |
| 2009 | Benjamin Netanyahu is elected Prime Minister in national elections held in February 2009 , and forms a broad-based coalition government
The city of Tel Aviv celebrates its 100th anniversary . |
| 2010 | Israel joins the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD ) .
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Also Read History Of Palestine Timeline
