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The History of Cuba Timeline

A brief history of Cuba Timeline: To know the history and origin of Cuba, it is first necessary that you know briefly, how it is and its geographical location. Few countries in the world have aroused as many expectations as Cuba, as few are those that provoke so many more or less rational adhesions and condemnations of the same nature The island is part of the West Indies and occupies more than half of the Caribbean.

Beyond a conjuncture that, despite having lasted more than four decades, is temporary. Cuba, located in a privileged area of the American continent, concentrates a remarkable historical and cultural substrate and human potential, which distinguish it from its Antillean neighbors. That country that, despite its small territory, was one of the ones that reported the highest yields to the Spanish crown, and that during the first half of the twentieth century, lived under the influence of the United States. It then became a beacon of the longings of those who aspired to a certain model of emancipation from the great power of North America.

Religion in Cuba Country

Religious Beliefs In Cuba

History on Cuba

• Continent: America.
• Area: 110,860 km².
• Capital: Havana.
• Currency: Cuban peso.
• Official language: Spanish.

Early history of Cuba

Prehistory of Cuba : The first inhabitants of the island of Cuba arrived around 10,000 BCE. In the midst of very different climatic conditions, with more land emerged in the area of Central America than at present, various groups of Indians from the Great Island of the Bahamas, existing in that period, and, later, from southern Mississippi and Florida, descended towards Cuba, settling in it. Later, waves from Venezuela, either via Nicaragua-Honduras, or through the Antillean archipelago, arrived on the island, bringing their original Arauca customs.

Colonial era of Cuba

Cube history timeline: Cuba was discovered during the first voyage of Columbus on October 27, 1492, inhabited the island by guanacahíbes, ciboneyes and taínos Indians, in number exceeding 60,000. Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar (1465-1524) began his conquest, for which he had to overcome the indigenous opposition led by the Dominican cacique Hatuey.

The economic activity of the conquistadors was mainly concentrated in the search for gold and mining. And for this purpose it is for what the indigenous population framed in the so-called “repartimientos” was used.

The subsequent discovery of the continent and the scarce labor force provided by the aborigines, whose number was 5,000 in 1540, caused interest in the island to decline, which was subjected to frequent attacks by English corsairs, due to its strategic location.

In the second half of the sixteenth century, and under the cover of a notable demographic impulse, the sugar industry began to develop, closely related to the introduction of African slaves. In the seventeenth century, Cuba was one of the world’s leading producers of tobacco

The Royal Havana Trade Company was founded in 1740, which controlled the island’s imports and exports, despite which clandestine trade with other countries persisted.

In 1762, Havana was taken by the English, who decreed freedom of trade during the 16 months of occupation. After the Peace of Versailles (1763), Spain recovered the city and new activities (honey and coffee) developed on the island, favored by the massive influx of African slaves.

The newly formed Cuban oligarchy remained oblivious to the first independence outbreaks (1808-1812) and opted for the commitment to the metropolis (Spain), especially since Femando VII, officially recognized the freedom of trade. By that time, exports of coffee, tobacco and fruit had increased considerably, and those of sugar were experiencing an increasing pace.

The triumph of the liberals in Spain (1820-1823) and the growing interest shown by the United States in the island were creating an environment conducive to the consolidation of an independence consciousness. On the other hand, the process of the Industrial Revolution already made it necessary to abolish the slave regime and replace it with wage labour, a demand that began to be assumed by the nuclei of the liberal bourgeoisie.

A Brief History of  Cuba Communism

Then, in 1959, Fidel Castro led a revolution in Cuba. However, Castro did not bring freedom to Cuba. Instead, he became a dictator. Castro introduced a repressive communist regime. Independent unions became illegal and all political dissent was crushed.

However, the lesson of history is that socialism does not work. The Cuban economy stagnated during the 1960s and 1970s. Meanwhile, Cuba became a satellite of the Soviet Union. Many people fled communism. Many Cubans escaped to the United States. Many more died in the attempt. (Many people drowned trying to cross the sea.)

Meanwhile, relations with the U.S. deteriorated and in 1961 1,400 CIA-trained Cuban emigrants were sent to invade Cuba. They landed at the Bay of Pigs, but the invasion ended in total failure. In 1962 the United States imposed a blockade on Cuba.

In addition, Cuba was economically dependent on the USSR. When the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991, the situation in communist Cuba became desperate. The living conditions of ordinary people in Cuba worsened even more. They suffered food shortages.

So Castro was forced to allow free enterprise. It also opened Cuba to tourism. Then, in 2008, Fidel Castro resigned. Meanwhile, in 1998 the Pope visited Cuba for the first time.

Today Cuba is still a dictatorship. However, the end of an era came in 2014, when the U.S. and Cuba normalized their relations. The current population of Cuba is 11 million.

Recent History Of Cuban

On February 15, 1976, a new socialist constitution was approved in a referendum. In October of the same year, elections were held for the National Assembly of People’s Power, a body that in turn elected the Council of State, with Castro as president.

Relations with the United States deteriorated further with the participation of Cuban troops in the Angolan war (1976) and the Ethiopia-Somalia war (1977), and with Cuba’s help to the Sandinista regime in Nicaragua.

In 1980, there was a profound political readjustment that increased Castro’s powers. The economic problems generated that year a massive emigration (200,000 people). On December 22, 1988, Cuba signed in New York the treaties for the independence of Namibia and the withdrawal of its troops from Angola (April 1989-July 1991).

A drug trafficking scandal (June 1989) caused the regime’s most serious crisis since its founding. It was silenced with the mock trial and execution of four senior military leaders, including General Arnaldo Ochoa, former head of the troops in Angola and national hero.

With the disintegration of the USSR, Cuba, with which it developed 80% of its trade, lost 4,000 million dollars a year of aid and a favorable barter of sugar for oil. The regime launched the zero option to combat energy shortages, promoted tourism and legalized the possession of dollars (1993).

The growing deterioration of the economy motivated in 1994 the so-called crisis of the “rafters”. Thousands of Cubans left the island in small, precarious boats to head to the United States.

The exodus was controlled by the government which reached a pact with the US administration. However, he refused to lift the economic embargo. Washington tightened the trade embargo with the Helms-Burton Act (1996), aimed at aggravating and internationalizing the embargo.

Relations with the Catholic Church improved dramatically after F. Castro was received by the Pope at the Vatican (1996) and John Paul II visited Cuba (January 21-25, 1998). Consequently, the Government allowed priests to enter the island. He also declared a Christmas Day holiday and released some 200 political prisoners, the most generous pardon since 1979. History of Cuba. 

But the Cuban government also had the National Assembly approve a so-called Law for the Protection of National Independence and the Economy that dealt a severe blow to dissent and journalistic practice (1999) and a constitutional reform law that declares the island’s socialist regime irrevocable (2002).

In October 2000, the US Congress approved a cut to the embargo. It authorized the sale to Cuba of food and medicine, the first U.S. products to be the subject of commercial transactions in more than 40 years. History of Cuba. 

History of the flag of Cuba

History of Cuba Flag: In 1849 the Cuban poet Miguel Teurbe Toulon, following orders from General Narciso López, was inspired by the American flag of Stars and Stripes to create the national pavilion. This soldier, of Venezuelan origin, landed with his troops to try to liberate the island colonized by the Spaniards since the early sixteenth century. History of Cuba. 

In 1902, the year of independence, this blue, white and starry red flag flew in Cuba, with its 1,600 islands, islets and reefs. Between 1956 and 1959 Ernesto Che Guevara participated in the revolutionary movement led by Fidel Castro.

In that time of guerrillas, thered e strella sewn on a beret was the symbolic celestial guide of socialism. Since 1976 Castro ruled Cuba with an iron fist, and in 2008 he definitively ceded the presidency to his brother Raúl. History of Cuba. 

Regarding what the flag of Cuba means and its colors, you should know that the Cuban flag is popularly known as “crocodile of the Caribbean”. It owes its nickname to its peculiar shape, it has the Lone Star as a guide. History of Cuba. 

• The three blue strips represent the three original provinces.
• The color white symbolizes the purity of the ideas of revolution and justice.
• The lone white star in the red triangle symbolizes the blood shed for independence. Inspired by the Texas flag, it lights the way to freedom.

Reference

🇨🇺 History of Cuba ▷ Brief Summary History of Cubans (quehistoria.com)

Origin and History of Cuba | CurioSfera-Historia.com

History of Cuba – EcuRed

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